However, the Chinese retaliated in 342, successfully attacked the Koguryo capital, dug up the corpse of the Koguryo king, and departed with 50,000 prisoners. the Koguryo king drove the Chinese out of their Lo-lang commandery centered in Pyongyang. For centuries Koguryo kings fought against tribes to the north and China to the west. The Yemaek tribes, who conquered the Puyo state in 37 b.c.e., founded Koguryo. Koguryo was unifi ed as a kingdom under the sixth ruler, King T’aejo, and occupied the northern part of the Korean peninsula and Manchuria in northeastern China. Our knowledge of the three kingdoms comes from archaeology and ancient historical texts from China, Japan, and Korea, particularly the Samguk Sagi, Korea’s first history written in 1145.
Koguryo was the largest and earliest unified kingdom, followed by Paekche and Silla. when the three states of Koguryo, Silla, and Paekche existed simultaneously until the unification of the peninsula by Silla in 668 c.e. Wang, Z.: Index of Index to the Names of Carvers of Sung and Yuan Editions.The Three Kingdoms period refers to an era in Korean history in the fourth century c.e. Bibliographic Collection of Qing Dynasty (1990) (Qing dynasty) Lu, X.: Collection Book from Bi-song Tower.
Bibliography and Document Publishing House, Beijing Zhonghua Book Company, Beijing (1983)Īncient bibliography of Beijing library. Bibliographic Collection of Qing Dynasty. (Qing dynasty) Zhang, J.: Annotated Bibliographies of Airi Jinglu.
(Song Dynasty): Records of Pei Song from the History of the Three Kingdoms. Li, S.: A Bibliographical Guide to Chinese Works. Shanghai Chinese Classics Publishing House, Shanghai (1992) The Rare Book List of Ancient Books of China. (Yuan Dynasty) Tuotuo: History of Song Dynasty. Bashu Publishing House, Sichuan (2002)įu, Z.: Index of Books in Storage Park. Li, C.: Study on the History of the Three Kingdoms.
Also, getting a clear understanding of the origin of the versions can help the modern scholars to make use of the good editions to make a research on the texts of the book “History of the Three Kingdoms”, and ultimately the classification level and the utilization value of the well-known historical works can attain an improvement continuously. In the mean time, the textual research on the origins of the versions of the “History of the Three Kingdoms” before the Ming Dynasty and especially the versions during the period of Song and Yuan dynasties can help the modern scholars to research the origin and evolution relationships of all ancient versions in the handing-down process from the emergence of the “History of the Three Kingdoms” to now. However, the researches on the origins of the different versions of the book “History of the Three Kingdoms” have not generated a consistent system yet. Therefore, this book has a very high historical science research value. The author was very cautious to select the materials for the book “History of the Three Kingdoms”, and used the very simple and concise style of writing. These three historical books and the book “History of the Later Han Dynasty” which was written lately are called by people as the “First Four Historical Records”. The book “History of the Three Kingdoms” which was written by Chen Shou during the period of the Western Jin Dynasty is another very famous historical biographies record after the books “Records of the Grand Historian” and “History of the Han Dynasty”.
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